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Hawaiʻi Scene on Social

Cavorting, or possibly frolicking — it's hard to tell with monk seals and we are not cetologists.

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<title>Hawai‘i Scene on Social: The secret life of monk seals</title>

Today's social media find comes from adventure_hawaii, with a bird's eye view of monk seals cavorting.

Hawai‘i Scene on Social: The secret life of monk seals

Cavorting, or possibly frolicking — it's hard to tell with monk seals and we are not cetologists. 

Arrasmith Portrait

Perry Arrasmith

Government & Politics

Columnists

The most bizarre section in Hawai‘i’s 

 is the one that relates to the state’s regulation of population growth. It is a testament to a bygone era informed by misguided local anxieties. 

Runaway population growth across the Hawaiian Islands once occupied the Hawai'i zeitgeist. While much of this mindset persists in the halls of society, it contrasts with Hawai‘i’s contemporary demographic woes. 

Between April 1960 and April 1970, Hawai‘i added 115,510 residents to its population, totalling 748,182 residents across the islands. It was a meteoric rise that stressed the Hawai‘i’s poor infrastructure, corrupt land management practices, and limited housing across the islands. 

Hawai‘i was a young, growing society. The median age of a resident was 25. Much of the State’s dynamism and vigour, in turn, were informed by a mix of talent both local and non-local.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"}],"text":"Perhaps it was too much of a good thing. "}]

During this time, national commentators were fretting about the global population’s growth. Paul and Anne Ehrlich had co-authored 

in 1968. Internationally, the Club of Rome furnished the

report, which only further argued against overconsumption. Political views wrapped in scientific dogma started-off a new movement whose cultural salience was confirmed by the 1973 film 

While societies were wasteful and inefficient, these reports didn’t necessarily call for more efficiency. Instead, they called for fewer people. 

While the times have changed, our Constitution’s outdated language shows how we are still stuck in the ’70s. Through national debates over population control, Hawai‘i became a tragic guinea pig that used environmentalism to justify population control, opening the floodgates for arguments against urban development, immigration, and economic growth. 

These conversations continue to plague Hawai‘i’s zeitgeist, most notably when it comes to unnecessary conflict between economic growth and environmental stewardship.

In 1970, the Hawai‘i State Legislature passed Senate Resolution 305, establishing the State’s Temporary Commission on Population Stabilization. A 1972 report issued by the Commission suggested an inverse relationship between environmental stewardship and population growth. 

“It remains to be seen whether or not we will achieve a balance with the limits of the Hawaiian environment in this present period of growth in Hawaiian history,” the 

 warned, “but it should be recognized that with respect to maintaining the quality of the environment, population and prosperity are ‘trade-offs.’ If we expect to maintain a fixed level of pollution and impact on the environment by people in Hawaii, then any increase in one will require a corresponding decrease in the other.”

In the following year, the State Senate once again adopted a resolution calling for the establishment of an optimum state population. “The question of population equilibria among the Islands is a difficult one to answer quantitatively,” a 

 from the Department of Planning and Economic Development warned.

“One must consider the impact on the environment, what ‘quality of life’ should be used as a measure, means of developing a viable economy within a stable population, and the size of population on each Island which will bring about a desirable balance with the social and natural environment of Hawai‘i.”

Nationally, the Commission on Population and the American Future had been established by federal law in March 1970. A final 

 issued by the Commission was submitted to the U.S. Congress in March 1972, with proposals ranging from increased abortion access to voluntary sterilization to stricter immigration controls. Out of political embarrassment for its recommendations, the Nixon Administration largely distanced itself from the Commission.

However, the rhetoric which argued for limits on immigration had devastating consequences. In the present-day, arguments blaming immigrants for environmental degradation have had devastating 

Back in Hawai‘i, the reports stacked on one another. In 1972, Earl R. Babbie of the civic organization 

, a major argument for a cap on Hawai‘i’s population at one million (Hawai‘i’s population reached this threshold in the mid-’80s). 

These reports built a case for a more permanent state agency tasked with controlling the state’s population growth. As a result, the Commission on Population Stabilization and the Hawaiian Future was 

A primary architect of the measure, Nadao Yoshinga, was not solely worried about the influx of outsiders. Natural population growth among existing residents was another worry. Yoshinaga, an influential member of the State Senate, would 

 in the name of limited Hawai‘i’s population growth over the coming years. Limiting population by whatever means necessary (in the confines of the law) was the objective.

At around this time, Robert C. Schmitt, the State Statistician of Hawai‘i, 

 of the emerging field of population policy. Proponents of population control, at least in the early Statehood era, had started to organize in the late ’60s through such organizations as the University of Hawai‘i-sponsored Zero Population Growth-Honoulu, Citizens for Hawai‘i, Life of the Land, the Sierra Club, and Save our Surf. 

These groups advocated for policies to halt population migration, economic development, and other factors like densified communities in the name of environmentalism. Perhaps tragically, this misguided approach to Hawai‘i’s prevailing problems created a manichean world of values in conflict with one another.

Arguments for population control in the name of environmental stewardship had a real impact on policy in the late ’70s. Most notably, this came to a head in 1977.

During his annual State of the State address, Governor George Ariyoshi directly addressed population control, arguing for immigration controls and density regulation in the name of the ‘aloha spirit.’

“The problem of excessive population seems to be central to nearly every problem in the State.” he started. “Too many people means too few jobs and too much competition for them. Too many people means too little land for agriculture, parks, and scenic vistas. Too many people means too much crime and too much erosion of possibly our single most important commodity: the Aloha Spirit. Too many people means too much pressure on all our governmental and private institutions.” 

Ariyoshi wanted fewer people in Hawai‘i, plain and simple. To reinforce his views, the State Legislature even sponsored a 

 on population and the Hawaiian future in March 1977. 

One piece of legislation would have discriminated against recent arrivals to Hawai‘i through residency requirements for state jobs. A Federal Judge based in Honolulu, the part-Hawaiian Sam P. King, condemned the State of Hawai‘i’s flirtation with a flagrantly “anti-migratory” statute.

These attempts provide a marked contrast with the present day. In January 2025, the Department of Human Services 

 that the State suffers from a vacancy rate of 24% of all civil services positions (equivalent to more than 4,000 jobs). 

Nevertheless, Hawai‘i still inserted a section into its Constitution at the 1978 Constitutional Convention that called for population planning. To date, it is the only Constitution in the United States with such explicit language.

Instead of promoting smarter urban planning methods that conserved space while reducing sprawl or incentivizing farmers to bring more fallow agricultural land into cultivation, it was more convenient to blame the outside migrants for Hawai‘i’s development problems.

Instead of fostering solutions which invite greater societal innovation, it is more convenient to fall for an ideology wrapped in the veneer of science. 

Since 1970, Hawai‘i’s population fortunes have reversed.

Global population growth is not exponential, nor could it sustain the growth rates witnessed after the Second World War. In fact, our planet’s 

 will likely begin declining before 2100. 

The paranoia of the ’70s became irrelevant over the following decade. By 1983, the Commission on Population and the Hawaiian Future had been abolished.

For a majority of Hawai‘i’s residents in 2025, the ’70s are a foreign, unknown domain. Since Hawai‘i’s 

 was 41 as of 2024, it’s safe to conclude more than half of Hawai‘i’s population was born after 1980.

Today, Hawai‘i is missing people. It is one of the fastest aging states in the United States. The population is contracting, with more than half of all Native Hawaiians on the planet living outside of the archipelago.

Culturally, it is still easy to blame the outsider for our own problems. Instead of acknowledging our own complicitly in failing to plan for the future, it is far easier to find that the outsider is only exacerbating the problems we are not addressing. Policies which now arrest growth not only injure potential migrants. They also hurt residents.

The debates over population control in the ’70s were about a fear of change and a society’s failure to properly navigate the pressures wrought by new forces.

Contemporary conflicts over growth still magnify this attitude. Not unironically, stewarding Hawai‘i’s environment means Hawai‘i’s environment needs to also steward Hawai‘i’s people.

“It should be remembered,” Governor John Burns said in 

, “that the key ingredient in any environment is man himself: he is part and parcel of and the key to the value of our total system of symbiotic relationships on this earth. Being a part of the environment demands that we consider human economics together with biological ecology.” 

“If man is hungry, ill-housed, undereducated or poorly treated in his society,” he wondered, “what service is it to him that his environment remains in its pristine, natural state?”

A society without one cannot have the other. We need to think about growth, not stabilization. We need to think about people.

In our own time, we need a Constitution whose thinking is not tethered to the past. While the language in outdated documents like our Constitution locks our zeitgeist in another time, we need to get over our history. We need a better zeitgeist.

For the latest news of Hawai‘i, sign up 

Crowd i Stock 1357524756

<title>Hawai‘i's bizarre legacy of population control (and why it's still here)</title>

In the 1970s, Hawai‘i gave in to fears of overpopulation, so much so that population control was put into the State Constitution.

Hawai‘i's bizarre legacy of population control (and why it's still here)

Square Mike Brestovansky Headshot RGZ3736 Large

Michael Brestovansky

 throughout much of the state, only one plan to extract freshwater from the ocean remains active.

Three separate desalination projects have been proposed on different islands over the last decade. But of those three, only one is still being developed, while another project has ended and the third never really began.

Pūlama Lāna‘i, the land management company established in 2012 by the island’s owner Larry Ellison, had plans to develop a desalination plant on the island in order to support greater housing developments on the island. Maui County planning records 

 that the facility, a 15-acre plant located near Manele Golf Course on the island’s southern coast, would be able to provide 5 million gallons of freshwater per day.

However, by 2015, those plans stalled, after the Lāna‘i Planning Commission only granted Pūlama Lāna‘i a 15-year permit for the facility, rather than a 30-year one as initially requested.

 from Planning Commission meetings in 2014 show skepticism from commissioners and residents about the project, including concerns about the health of the island’s aquifer, which was already overextended at the time, and the potential for a failure at the plant to compromise the island’s primary water source.

 in 2015 suggested that Pūlama Lāna‘i still intended to develop a desalination plant, but as of 2025, no such plans have materialized.

Two other desalination projects have produced more tangible results. In 2018, the U.S. Department of Energy awarded $1.9 million to the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawai‘i Authority to develop a prototype solar-powered desalination facility in Kailua-Kona on the Big Island.

That facility was reportedly successful, with project partner Trevi Systems 

 in 2024 that the facility could produce 500 cubic meters — about 132,000 gallons — of fresh water per day without reliance on an external energy grid.

However, the NELHA facility was a test project only that 

 between June 2022 and September 2023. While the project paved the way for larger-scale renewable desalination facilities in the future, none have so far been proposed for Hawai‘i.

The third facility, planned on O‘ahu, is gradually moving toward reality. The Kalaeloa Seawater Desalination Facility is planned for construction at Campbell Industrial Park, with a proposed yield of 1.7 million gallons of water per day.

, Honolulu County consumed nearly 45 billion gallons of water between July 1, 2023 and June 30, 2024, averaging out to about 123 million gallons per day.

While construction has not yet started on the $204 million Kalaeloa facility — which is scheduled to go online in 2027 — the bureaucratic process continues apace. According to a project 

, the Honolulu Board of Water Supply approved in May a test report that concluded that the water produced by the facility will not cause any detrimental impact to customer pipes or existing water infrastructure.

Aloha State Daily reached out to the Board of Water Supply, NELHA and Pūlama Lāna‘i for comment.

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<title>Still salty: Only one desalination project in Hawai‘i still alive</title>

The ongoing legal battle over water on Maui amid drought conditions had us wondering — we're surrounded by water, could desalination help ease Hawai‘i's water woes? Here's what we've learned about three desalination projects in the Islands.

Still salty: Only one desalination project in Hawai‘i still alive

Christian Shimabuku Headshot

Christian Shimabuku

Sports

After Lucas Borrow's request for an additional year of eligibility was denied by the NCAA following spring practices, the University of Hawai‘i football team's coaching staff searched far and wide to find a new starting punter. 

Hawai‘i's search led them to somebody who had never played the sport before, albeit in familiar territory: Billy Gowers, a professional Australian rules footballer. A native of Melbourne, Australia, Gowers impressed UH coaches in clips sent over from Prokick Australia, an organization that sends kickers and punters to college football teams. 

Before moving to the Islands, Gowers dabbled in a variety of sports in addition to Australian rules football, including golf, volleyball, cricket, and most recently, kabaddi, a prominent sport in South Asia. 

Back home in Australia, Gowers also developed a passion for cutting hair. A barber and entrepreneur, Gowers has been cutting hair for half a decade, giving out an estimated 10,000 haircuts in that span. He even opened up a shop, Zeppelin Barbers, in his hometown. 

Gowers, 29, left everything behind in order to move to Hawai‘i over the summer and join the Rainbow Warriors on a football scholarship. 

"Everyone here has been amazing, really welcoming," Gowers told Aloha State Daily. "The school is great. The school work, not so much for me, just because it's a bit of an adjustment. But yeah, the place of Hawai‘i is just incredible. The beaches, people, mountains, everything. I love it."

Early returns for Gowers on the field have been promising. The power in his right leg is evident when he's seen booming 75-yard punts in the Mānoa air. The ball can trickle and land further when he rolls out to his right, which he calls his "AFL style" punt. He is not a fan of the term "rugby punt," which has become the default to describe Australian punters in football vernacular. 

"He's just scratching the surface right now," Hawai‘i special teams coordinator Thomas Sheffield said. "There's still so much more left in the tank. He's only really been punting a football for like, seven, eight months. This is all brand new to him, and all we're trying to do is coach him and mentor him and build consistency and get him comfortable with the game."

During fall camp, each practice has been an opportunity for Gowers to learn more about the game leading up to UH's 2025 season opener against Stanford on Aug. 23. In a Saturday scrimmage, he punted behind a shield for the first time, continuing to turn heads with powerful spiral punts that whistled and pierced through the wind. 

Gowers is UH's sixth Australian punter since the turn of the millennium, joining Mat McBriar, Alex Dunnachie, Scott Harding, Stan Gaudion and Borrow. Although Gaudion hasn't punted for the Rainbow Warriors since 2020, he and Gowers both graduated high school in 2014. 

As the rest of Hawai‘i's freshman class settled into campus prior to fall camp, Gowers realized he was at least 10 years older than his classmates. 

"It's been interesting. A lot of the guys here, their bodies are just so big that I kind of look at them and forget that they're young until they start talking. It's been a nice little adjustment," Gowers said. "I've always sort of hung around some younger people as well, playing playing AFL and VFL, so it hasn't been too hard to adjust to. Obviously my interests and all that are a little bit different to what they are, and I'm sort of pretty locked in at the moment. It's still good. It keeps me young, that's for sure. But I certainly don't feel too old. So, that's nice as well."

Added Sheffield: "He's 29, but you got to think him coming to America and just his whole life just turning upside down, he's really like an 18-year-old kid as far as that is concerned, but he's able to handle it better than a 17-, 18-year-old, because he is so much older and much more mature. He blends in really well with the guys. The guys love him."

Gowers is currently studying business at UH, an area where he has a head start due to his real-world experience opening and maintaining a barbershop back home. Teammates and coaches are certainly aware of his haircutting prowess — Sheffield and his kids have already received cuts from Gowers. 

On a recent afternoon, Gowers gave a haircut to Rainbow Warrior defensive lineman Jackie Johnson III. Johnson, a 2021 Roosevelt graduate, is listed as a senior on the roster, but received a haircut from a freshman seven years older than him. While a standard haircut at his shop costs 70 Australian dollars before additional services such as a beard trim, Gowers hasn't charged his teammates or coaches for a cut. 

"I think of it as looking after people's mental health, really. I feel like a haircut can change the way you feel about yourself," Gowers said. "It's good having a haircut. Whether it's a good one or a bad one, hopefully walking away thinking it might be a good one, it's a nice feeling I think."

Gowers spent approxamtely 40 minutes meticulously cutting Johnson's hair with his own clippers and scissors, lamenting that he didn't have his blow dryer with him because of the difference in voltage between Australian and American power outlets. 

The soft-spoken Johnson appeared very satisfied with his fade and beard line up, dapping up Gowers and thanking him before heading back to his home. 

It became evident quickly to Johnson that Gowers is a professional barber. There may be a day when Gowers opens a shop in Hawai‘i, but that would be after he gets a clear answer on how far his American football career could take him. He admits he's only watched one NFL game, the 

, but it was intriguing enough for him to make it his next pursuit. 

"I probably wouldn't have moved across the world at 29 with life so stable, and life is pretty good in Australia. That's the ultimate goal: The NFL," Gowers said. "But look, there's a lot of performance that needs to happen prior to that, as well as a lot of learning from my end. At this rate, I probably don't understand the game as well as I need to be to even be thinking about the NFL. So for me, it's more so just learning the game, understanding the game, and trying to execute the game. 

"So, from there, I think the NFL stuff, whether it happens or not, it's pretty much just up to me whether I'm good enough. ... I think I'll know reasonably quickly if I'm even close to that standard, or ever going to be close to that standard. But right now, I just want to sort of wrap my head around the game and play well for Hawai‘i."

Billy Gowers 081225

<title>Meet the University of Hawai‘i's 29-year-old freshman punter</title>

Billy Gowers left his life behind in Australia, which included a barbershop business, to pursue his NFL aspirations.

Meet the University of Hawai‘i's 29-year-old freshman punter

Kelli Shiroma Braiotta Headshot

Kelli Shiroma Braiotta

Food & Dining

Chef Kale Afong wants to make one thing very clear — his new restaurant, 

, which just soft opened in Kalihi, is not a straight-up Korean barbecue spot.

“It’s Korean barbecue- and yakiniku-inspired,” he says. “It’s Korean barbecue inspired because you take the meats and grill them on the table. It’s yakiniku-inspired because I’m putting more of a Hawaiian influence on the side dishes. There’s so many yakiniku places, and I wanted to be different. But it’s all-you-can-eat because that’s what everybody wants. Locals like all-you-can-eat; it’s kind of a Hawaiʻi thing. We wanted to match that vibe and give the people what they want.”

You have to admit, the restaurant name is pretty catchy. But Afong says he didn’t intend to be named after him.

“We were using chat GPT and Google (to think of restaurant names),” he says. “Kale’s Hale was one of the first names we came up with, but I didn’t like it. We went through hundreds of names — Hawaiian, Japanese and Greek names — we were just going through so many names. I didn’t like it, but Kale’s Hale was the best option we had.”

The new biz is located in the former space of Katsuriki BBQ House (close to Rainbow Drive-In in Kalihi).

“I love banchan; I will go to a restaurant based on the banchan,” Afong says. “This is yakiniku-inspired with a whole bunch of pūpū. About 20 pūpū dishes will be on the regular menu; we have a rotating list of specials that we have every other night.”

For the eatery’s soft opening, customers can take advantage of a discounted rate of $39.99 (regular price is $59.99). So, what does that include?

As soon as customers are seated, they can take their pick from the different featured banchan, many of which are Hawaiian-forward, according to Afong.

“We’re replacing seaweed soup with Hawaiian lūʻau soup,” he says. “I take the lūʻau leaf and we’re making a lūʻau soup. Instead of poke, we’ll have kalo poke. I have a lot of ʻulu, lūʻau leaf and kalo throughout the menu to showcase more Hawaiian food. The kalo plant is a Hawaiian staple.

“There is a difference between Hawaiian food and Hawaiʻi food,” he adds. “Hawaiʻi food is more like our lomi salmon, mac salad, and loco moco. Loco moco is Hawaiʻi food, but not Hawaiian food. The difference gets a little blurred on social media and through the world. We want to showcase some of the differences; we have a lot of products from local farmers and from Hawaiʻi.”

Of course, you’ll still find Korean barbecue-style banchan like kimchi and pickled vegetables since they’re local favorites, according to Afong.

Moving onto the main event — the meats. The selection includes pork belly, short ribs, chuck roll, marinated chicken, pork jowl and hanging tender, to name a few.

“Hanging tender is my favorite cut of steak,” Afong says. “It’s very expensive. They’re really odd cuts, but they’re a delicious, high-quality steak that tastes like a piece of filet mignon. We have all these high-quality meats, along with the pūpū — that’s our base menu.”

On top of that, Kale’s Hale has access to Kagoshima wagyu, which comes from a prefecture in south Japan, according to Afong. The high-quality wagyu is known for its marbling and tenderness. Afong says the eatery brings in whole cows, and customers will each get a wagyu sampler as part of the AYCE experience.

“The sampler is a couple ounces of wagyu, which is a lot,” he says. “It’s rich, and we’ll also have wagyu as a la carte enhancements.

“Our wagyu grade is A5 and then there’s something called the beef marbling score, also known as BMS,” he adds. “Our Kagoshima wagyu score is a BMS 12, which is the highest score you can get for BMS.”

That score means that the wagyu has an exceptional texture and boasts a rich marbling. As excited as he is to feature Kagoshima wagyu, Afong says having customers learn more about the product is equally important.

“We’re bringing the education to where the cut is coming from,” he says. “We want to show the difference between the high-end cuts and not-so-high-end cuts, and there’s a price difference. We have to do a better job communicating the differences between the cuts. The a la carte menu for our wagyu is actually super affordable; we’re selling three ounces for $35 to $40.”

While the eatery is currently only open for dinner (daily from 5 to 10 p.m., last seating is at 9 p.m.), stay tuned — lunch service will be starting soon. And that’s just the beginning for the restaurant, according to Afong.

“Once we get lunch going, I want to bring back 24-hour dining on Fridays and Saturdays,” he says. “That’s what we’re striving for. We’re also really focusing on customer service; we have nothing to do with the old restaurants (formerly in this space). We’re brand new; we want to break that stigma. Customer service is going to be our top priority — quality food that’s slightly elevated, and a great customer experience.”  

Kales Hale grilling 022725

<title>Kale's Hale yakiniku buffet opens in Kalihi: heavy on pupu– Aloha State Daily</title>

The new eatery is launching with a discounted price of $39.99 during its soft opening.

Kale’s Hale offers an all-you-can-eat yakiniku-inspired experience that’s heavy on the pūpū

Katie Helland Headshot

Katie Helland

Arts & Entertainment

For Francis Pimmel, woodworking started as a hobby. Today, he builds scale models of 

 — often using koa wood — for resorts, museums and private collectors. The work on his website ranges from $130 for a Hawaiian fishing canoe to $3,100 for a model of the 

Pimmel’s canoes are displayed at places like the Four Seasons Resort, Lānaʻi; Kahala Resort and Hotel, Bank of Hawai‘i, Polynesian Cultural Center and museums in New Zealand and Honolulu. He recently exhibited his work at the 

 held in August of 2024, at the Hawaiʻi Convention Center in Honolulu.

“When I came to Hawaiʻi I looked around [to see] if anybody is making model canoes,” he said. “I went to Waikīkī and checked various gift shops, art galleries. Nobody was doing that. I couldn’t believe it, so I said: ‘Wow! Let me try that.’” 

Before making woodworking a full-time job, he was an art consultant for 

 Contemporary Art, London, dealing with art galleries across Germany.

Pimmel got his start in model making when he created a small fishing canoe, which he brought as a sample to Polynesian Cultural Center in Lāʻie. They ordered about 20 of them, he said. To fulfill the order, he asked his sister-in-law, brother-in-law and other family members to join him in the carport of a rental in Mililani, he said. When the landlord complained about noise, he and his wife started house hunting. 

“That is how we started, more or less, with the idea of doing model canoes,” he said. “But I was not satisfied. I wasn’t happy with little canoes. I wanted to make scale models, the way they used to be built in the old days. The same way, scaled down in size and replicated with the same components, the same material.” 

In 1992, Pimmel boarded the Hōkūleʻa when it was visiting Oʻahu. There, he met 

, a founder of the Polynesian Voyaging Society, and Wright Bowman Jr., who helped establish the nonprofit Friends of Hōkūle'a and Hawai'iloa, and asked to take photos of the voyaging canoe. That same day, he went home and got a tape measure and asked to board again and started measuring things to build a replica, he said. That was more than 30 years ago. 

Pimmel made his first replica of the Hōkūleʻa at the house where he lives today, which includes an indoor and outdoor studio. The initial canoe-building process starts indoors. The hallway leading to that studio includes wood of all sizes, leaned against the wall.  

“It makes a lot of noise and a lot of dust,” he said, pointing to the wood and saw and adding with a laugh that he tries not to work on the weekends, so he doesn’t upset the neighbors. “I like what I’m doing. I love it.” 

When he makes Hawaiian voyaging canoes, he uses koa wood, he said. But Pimmel also builds to-scale models of other canoes sailing across the South Pacific Ocean, including ones from the Solomon Islands, New Guinea and the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesian. 

Currently, Pimmel is working on a double-hulled Marquesan canoe in the outdoor studio. It is his third time building this kind of voyaging canoe. He has spent about five days working on just its two sails, he said. 

“At the beginning what inspired me most is the book ʻVoyagers,’ by 

,” he said. “I said to myself: ʻI want to reproduce the canoes that are illustrated — that he imagined. ’ ” 

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